From Barcino to the Middle Ages
The history of Barcelona begins with the Romans: Around 15 BC, Emperor Augustus founded the colony Colonia Iulia Augusta Faventia Paterna Barcino — a modest outpost compared to nearby Tarraco (Tarragona). The Roman city walls are still visible in the Barri Gòtic, and under the MUHBA, you can walk the excavated streets of Barcino.
Medieval Flourish
In the Middle Ages, Barcelona became the capital of a Mediterranean trading empire. The Crown of Aragon-Catalonia controlled Sicily, Sardinia, Naples, and parts of Greece. Barcelona was one of the richest and most powerful cities in Europe:
- 1283: The Corts Catalanes were established — one of the oldest parliaments in Europe.
- 1359: The Generalitat de Catalunya was founded — the Catalan government that exists to this day.
- 1450: The Llotja de Mar (Exchange) made Barcelona the financial center of the western Mediterranean.
The Gothic palaces of the Barri Gòtic, the cathedral, and Santa Maria del Mar date from this golden age.