The Royal Mile
The Royal Mile is Edinburgh's historic main axis — a precisely one Scottish mile (1.8 km) long street, stretching from Edinburgh Castle in the west to the Palace of Holyroodhouse in the east. Technically, it consists of four streets (Castlehill, Lawnmarket, High Street, Canongate), but everyone simply calls it "Royal Mile".
What makes it special?
The Royal Mile is one of the best-preserved medieval streets in Europe. In the Middle Ages, Edinburgh grew only within its city walls, and since the city lies on a narrow volcanic ridge, building could only go upwards. The result: houses up to 14 stories high — the world's first "skyscrapers". The poorest lived at the top, the wealthiest at the bottom. Narrow alleys (Closes) and stairs lead down between the houses — each with its own story.
Highlights along the Royal Mile
- St Giles' Cathedral: Edinburgh's main church (14th century) with the famous Chapel of the Thistle — so ornately carved, it takes your breath away. Free entry, donations welcome.
- The Real Mary Kings Close: An underground street built over in the 17th century and now lying beneath the Royal Mile. Guided tours (£18) lead through the historic rooms — a glimpse into 17th-century Edinburgh. Creepy and fascinating.
- John Knox House: The oldest surviving residential building on the Royal Mile (15th century), named after the reformer John Knox. The half-timbered building juts into the street like a relic from the past.
- Museum of Edinburgh: In Huntly House (16th century) on the Canongate — city history in one of the most beautiful historic buildings on the Mile. Free of charge.
- Canongate Kirk: The church at the lower end of the Royal Mile, where Adam Smith is buried. Quiet and peaceful, away from the hustle and bustle.
