Islam in Everyday Life
Turkey is about 99% Muslim (predominantly Sunni), but at the same time a secular state since 1923 — religion and state are officially separated. The result is a spectrum ranging from strictly conservative families in Central Anatolia to exuberantly celebrating Istanbulites in Beyoğlu.
What does this mean for travelers?
- Five prayer times: The call to prayer (Ezan) resounds five times a day from the minarets — even at night (morning prayer, around 4:30–5:30 am). This is normal and part of the backdrop.
- Ramadan (Ramazan): During the fasting month, many Turks do not eat during the day. In tourist areas, restaurants are open, but it is respectful not to eat or smoke ostentatiously on the street. Breaking the fast (İftar) at sunset is a wonderful communal experience — many restaurants offer İftar menus.
- Mosque visit: Mosques are open to visitors (except during prayers). Remove shoes, women cover hair and shoulders, men no shorts. Photography without flash is allowed, but be discreet.
- Alcohol: Legal and widespread, but expensive (high tax). Less present in conservative neighborhoods and inland than on the coast. Rakı (aniseed spirit) is the national drink.