Environmental Issues & Sustainable Travel

Greece's nature is under pressure — and tourism is part of the problem:

Wildfires

The most pressing environmental issue: wildfires are becoming more frequent and devastating due to climate change. The fire on Euboea in 2021 was the largest in EU history, and the fires near Alexandroupoli in 2023 broke all records. In summer (July-September), large parts of the country are at high risk of fire. Arson (for building land) is a chronic problem that authorities cannot get under control.

Overtourism

Santorini received over 3.5 million visitors in 2024 — on an island with 15,000 inhabitants. The infrastructure (water, sewage, waste) is overwhelmed. Similar situations occur on Mykonos and in parts of Crete. The government has begun to limit cruise ships and promote alternative destinations.

Plastic & Waste

Single-use plastic was banned in 2021, but implementation is patchy. Remote beaches still have waste. Illegal dumps on smaller islands are a problem — waste disposal infrastructure on the islands is often inadequate.

What you can do

• Travel in the off-season: May-June and September-October are more pleasant, cheaper, and more sustainable.
• Alternative islands: Instead of Santorini, go to Milos; instead of Mykonos, go to Serifos; instead of Kos, go to Leros. Similarly beautiful, a fraction of the tourists.
• Save water: Freshwater is scarce in the Cyclades — it is delivered by tanker. Take short showers, reuse towels.
• Eat and shop locally: In the taverna instead of the hotel restaurant, buy olive oil from the farmer, not the souvenir shop.
• Ferries instead of flights: Take ferries between the islands when possible — slower, but more climate-friendly and beautiful.