Discovering Samarkand
Samarkand (Uzbek Samarqand) is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world — for over 2,750 years. Alexander the Great conquered it in 329 BC and is said to have remarked: "Everything I have heard about Samarkand is true — except that it is even more beautiful than I imagined." This judgment holds true to this day.
The city owes its splendor to the conqueror Timur (Tamerlane), who made Samarkand his capital in the 14th century and, with architects, craftsmen, and artists from the entire conquered region — from Persia to India — created a city that overshadowed everything before it. His grandson Ulugh Beg further established it as a center of science.
Today, Samarkand (approx. 550,000 inhabitants) is a vibrant Uzbek city where everyday life takes place among monumental buildings. The UNESCO World Heritage Sites are concentrated in the center and are easily accessible on foot. Plan at least 2–3 days for Samarkand.
Orientation
Samarkand's attractions are compactly situated — everything is within walking distance:
- Registan Square: The heart of the city, surrounded by three monumental madrasas. Starting point for everything.
- Bibi-Khanum Complex: 5 minutes north of the Registan. The huge mosque and the adjacent Siab Bazaar.
- Gur-Emir: 10 minutes southwest of the Registan. Timur's mausoleum in a quiet neighborhood.
- Shah-i-Zinda: 15 minutes northeast. The avenue of tombs on the edge of the old town.
- Afrosiyob Hill: North of Shah-i-Zinda. Archaeological site of the ancient city.
- New City: South of the Registan. Soviet boulevards, hotels, restaurants, university.
